616 | How Should You Give Money to Your Kids? | 529s, UTMAs, Trump Accounts & More

Most parents rush to open 529 plans for newborns, convinced they're building their child's future. But here's what financial experts won't tell you: that decision might be destroying more value than it creates. The accounts marketed most aggressively to new parents often provide minimal benefit while eliminating the flexibility you'll actually need. Topics Discussed Introduction and Episode Framework (00:00:00) Brad Barrett sets the stage with Sean Mullaney and Cody Garrett for a discussion on gifting to children, account options, and the critical importance of maintaining optionality in financial planning. Motivations for Saving for Children (00:03:15) Cody Garrett presents ChooseFI community research revealing four primary motivations: giving children more options, helping them avoid debt struggles, protecting from hardship, and developing healthy money habits. Parental Financial Sufficiency First (00:10:30) The oxygen mask principle—parents must secure their own financial stability before transferring wealth to children. Parental financial instability creates burden for adult children. Three Objections to Early Transfers (00:15:45) Sean Mullaney outlines three major objections: profile mismatch between parent and child needs, destruction of option value, and the superiority of the step-up in basis alternative at death. Gift Tax and Estate Tax Framework (00:22:00) Discussion of the annual gift tax exclusion ($19,000 per recipient), lifetime exclusion ($15 million), and how the step-up in basis works to eliminate capital gains tax at death. 529 Plans Deep Dive (00:28:30) Cody Garrett explains 529 mechanics, qualified expenses, restricted use, and flexibility options. Sean Mullaney identifies optimal profiles: financially successful parents of teens, grandparents, or state tax benefit scenarios. Trump Accounts Overview (00:42:15) Sean Mullaney details the new Trump accounts: $1,000 government seed for 2025-2028 births, $5,000 annual contribution limit, domestic equity index requirement, and conversion to traditional IRA at age 18. UTMA/UGMA Custodial Accounts (00:52:00) Cody Garrett explains custodial brokerage accounts, the kiddie tax, asset transfer at age of majority, and alternative strategies using parent-owned accounts with identifiers for tracking. Custodial Roth IRAs and Earned Income (01:02:30) Discussion of Roth IRA contributions for children with earned income, the importance of legitimate work arrangements, and FAFSA implications of Roth withdr