MSK-01 · Shoulder Anatomy, Instability, and Impingement

Shoulder Anatomy, Instability, and Impingement. Part of the Musculoskeletal series of the Reflex PM&R Board Review podcast. Audio corrections: (1) In the audio: A score of four or higher in an adult, or six or higher in a child, formally defines generalized joint hypermobility. — Correct: By the 2017 hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos criteria, the adult threshold is 5 or higher out of 9 (puberty to age 50), 6 or higher before puberty, 4 or higher after 50. The older Brighton criteria used 4 or higher in adults. (2) In the audio: their recurrence rate approaches an astonishing 90 to 100 percent. — Correct: Recurrence after non-op care of a first dislocation is ~85-90% under 20 or in young contact/overhead athletes, ~two-thirds under 30, and below a third after 30; near 100% only with repeat dislocations. The written chapter is correct. Full correction register: https://www.reflexpmr.com/errata. The full companion chapter and a linked board-style Q-bank set for this topic are at https://www.reflexpmr.com/read/MSK-01.